Energy Storage

As the share of renewable energy increases, energy storage systems (ESS) have become central to addressing the intermittency of generation, ensuring grid stability, and improving energy utilization efficiency. ESS batteries are no longer just energy carriers but critical grid assets for regulation. This demands inherent safety (preventing thermal runaway propagation), an extremely long cycle life (often requiring over 6,000 cycles to lower the levelized cost of storage), high system integration (including efficient liquid/air cooling thermal management, intelligent cluster-level management), and good rate capability to respond to fast frequency regulation signals. Their economic model heavily depends on the total energy throughput and system efficiency over their entire lifecycle.